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J Bacteriol, June 1998, p. 2950-2957, Vol. 180, No. 11
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

D-Alanylcardiolipin, a Major Component of the Unique Lipid Pattern of Vagococcus fluvialis

Werner Fischer* and Doris Arneth-Seifert

Institut für Biochemie, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany

Received 29 December 1997/Accepted 24 March 1998

Motile group N streptococci, classified as Vagococcus fluvialis, have been isolated from cows' udders, human and animal feces, river water, and seawater. They possess an unusual membrane lipid and fatty acid pattern. We isolated and characterized 13 polar lipids, 8 of them also found in other gram-positive bacteria: mono- and dihexosyldiacylglycerol, an acylated and a glycerophosphate-substituted derivative of the latter, cardiolipin, phosphatidylglycerol, D-alanylphosphatidylglycerol, and L-lysylphosphatidylglycerol. Besides them, we characterized two rare compounds, bis(acylglycero)phosphate and alpha -D-glucopyranosylcardiolipin, and two compounds so far not detected in nature, D-alanylbis(acylglycero)phosphate and D-alanylcardiolipin. The concomitant occurrence of four aminoacyl phospholipids in one organism is another unique finding. Substituted cardiolipins represent a novel lipid class: in vagococci, D-alanylcardiolipin is a major membrane lipid component, contributing 11 and 26 mol% of total lipids in the exponential and stationary phases of growth, respectively. The vagococcal lipids contain even-numbered straight-chain saturated and cis-monounsaturated fatty acids, but the cis-monoenic acids belong to the omega -9 series and not the omega -7 series, found in enterococci, lactococci, and streptococci.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut Biochemie, Fahrstrasse 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. Phone: 49 (0) 911-40 59 57. Fax: 49 (0) 9131-85 4605. E-mail: w.fischer{at}biochem.uni-erlangen.de.

J Bacteriol, June 1998, p. 2950-2957, Vol. 180, No. 11
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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