JB Accepts, published online ahead of print on 6 November 2009

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J. Bacteriol. doi:10.1128/JB.01233-09
Copyright (c) 2009, American Society for Microbiology and/or the Listed Authors/Institutions. All Rights Reserved.

Short-term Signatures of Evolutionary Change in the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium 14028 Genome

Tyler Jarvik, Chris Smillie, Eduardo A. Groisman, and Howard Ochman^*

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: hochman{at}email.arizona.edu.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (hereafter designated S. Typhimurium) is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans and a typhoid-like disease in mice and is often used as a model for the disease promoted by the human-adapted S. enterica serovar Typhi. Despite its health importance, the only S. Typhimurium strain for which the complete genomic sequence has been determined is the avirulent LT2 strain, which is extensively used in genetic and physiologic studies. Here we report the complete genomic sequence of the S. Typhimurium strain 14028s as well as those of its progenitor and of two additional derivatives. Comparison of these S. Typhimurium genomes revealed differences in the pattern of sequence evolution and the complete inventory of genetic alterations incurred in virulent and avirulent strains, as well as the sequence changes accumulated during laboratory passage of pathogenic organisms.