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J Bacteriol, June 1998, p. 2975-2982, Vol. 180, No. 11
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Phylogeny of Dissimilatory Sulfite Reductases
Supports an Early Origin of Sulfate Respiration
Michael
Wagner,1,
Andrew J.
Roger,2
Jodi L.
Flax,1
Gregory A.
Brusseau,1 and
David A.
Stahl1,*
Department of Civil Engineering,
Technological Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston,
Illinois 60208-3109,1 and
Marine
Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
02543-10152
Received 12 January 1998/Accepted 24 March 1998
Microorganisms that use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor for
anaerobic respiration play a central role in the global sulfur cycle.
Here, we report the results of comparative sequence analysis of
dissimilatory sulfite reductase (DSR) genes from closely and distantly
related sulfate-reducing organisms to infer the evolutionary history of
DSR. A 1.9-kb DNA region encoding most of the
and
subunits of
DSR could be recovered only from organisms capable of
dissimilatory sulfate reduction with a PCR primer set targeting highly
conserved regions in these genes. All DNA sequences obtained were
highly similar to one another (49 to 89% identity), and their inferred
evolutionary relationships were nearly identical to those inferred on
the basis of 16S rRNA. We conclude that the high similarity of
bacterial and archaeal DSRs reflects their common origin from a
conserved DSR. This ancestral DSR was either present before the split
between the domains Bacteria, Archaea, and
Eucarya or laterally transferred between
Bacteria and Archaea soon after domain
divergence. Thus, if the physiological role of the DSR was
constant over time, then early ancestors of Bacteria and
Archaea already possessed a key enzyme of sulfate and
sulfite respiration.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of
Civil Engineering, Technological Institute, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston, IL 60208-3109. Phone: (847) 491-4997. Fax:
(847) 491-4011. E-mail: d-stahl{at}nwu.edu.

Present address: Technische Universität München,
Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, D-80290 Munich, Germany.
J Bacteriol, June 1998, p. 2975-2982, Vol. 180, No. 11
0021-9193/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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